安装

前言

如果您不使用独立脚本或 @pnpm/exe 来安装 pnpm，那么您需要在您的系统上安装 Node.js(至少 v16.14)。

使用独立脚本安装

即使没有安装 Node.js，也可以使用以下脚本安装 pnpm。

Windows

使用 PowerShell：

iwr https://get.pnpm.io/install.ps1 -useb | iex

在 POSIX 系统上

curl -fsSL https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | sh -

如果您没有安装 curl，也可以使用 wget：

wget -qO- https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | sh -

在 Alpine Linux 上

# bash
wget -qO- https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | ENV="$HOME/.bashrc" SHELL="$(which bash)" bash -
# sh
wget -qO- https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | ENV="$HOME/.shrc" SHELL="$(which sh)" sh -
# dash
wget -qO- https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | ENV="$HOME/.dashrc" SHELL="$(which dash)" dash -

安装特定版本

在运行安装脚本之前，您可以选择设置环境变量 PNPM_VERSION 来安装特定版本的 pnpm：

curl -fsSL https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | env PNPM_VERSION=<version> sh -

提示

然后您可以使用 pnpm env 命令来安装 Node.js。

使用 Corepack 安装

从 v16.13 开始，Node.js 发布了 Corepack 来管理包管理器。 这是一项实验性功能，因此您需要通过运行如下脚本来启用它：

提示

如果您已使用pnpm env安装Node.js，则Corepack不会被安装在您的系统上，您需要单独安装它。 见#4029。

corepack enable pnpm

如果您已经使用Homebrew安装了Node.js，您需要单独安装Corepack：

brew install corepack

This will automatically install pnpm on your system.

You can pin the version of pnpm used on your project using the following command:

corepack use pnpm@latest

This will add a "packageManager" field in your local package.json which will instruct Corepack to always use a specific version on that project. This can be useful if you want reproducability, as all developers who are using Corepack will use the same version as you. When a new version of pnpm is released, you can re-run the above command.

使用 npm 安装

We provide two packages of pnpm CLI, pnpm and @pnpm/exe.

• pnpm 是 pnpm 的普通版本，需要 Node.js 运行。
• @pnpm/exe 与 Node.js 一起打包成可执行文件，因此它可以在没有安装 Node.js 的系统上使用。

npm install -g pnpm

or

npm install -g @pnpm/exe

使用 HomeBrew 安装

If you have the package manager installed, you can install pnpm using the following command:

brew install pnpm

使用 winget 安装

If you have winget installed, you can install pnpm using the following command:

winget install pnpm

使用 Scoop 安装

If you have Scoop installed, you can install pnpm using the following command:

scoop install nodejs-lts pnpm

使用 Choco 安装

If you have Chocolatey installed, you can install pnpm using the following command:

choco install pnpm

使用 Volta

If you have Volta installed, you can install pnpm using the following command:

volta install pnpm

提示

Do you wanna use pnpm on CI servers? See: Continuous Integration.

兼容性

Here is a list of past pnpm versions with respective Node.js version support.

Node.js	pnpm 5	pnpm 6	pnpm 7	pnpm 8
Node.js 12	✔️	✔️	❌	❌
Node.js 14	✔️	✔️	✔️	❌
Node.js 16	未知	✔️	✔️	✔️
Node.js 18	未知	✔️	✔️	✔️
Node.js 20	未知	?	✔️	✔️

问题排查

If pnpm is broken and you cannot fix it by reinstalling, you might need to remove it manually from the PATH.

Let's assume you have the following error when running pnpm install:

C:\src>pnpm install
internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:883
  throw err;
  ^



Error: Cannot find module 'C:\Users\Bence\AppData\Roaming\npm\pnpm-global\4\node_modules\pnpm\bin\pnpm.js'
←[90m    at Function.Module._resolveFilename (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:880:15)←[39m
←[90m    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:725:27)←[39m
←[90m    at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (internal/modules/run_main.js:72:12)←[39m
←[90m    at internal/main/run_main_module.js:17:47←[39m {
  code: ←[32m'MODULE_NOT_FOUND'←[39m,
  requireStack: []
}

First, try to find the location of pnpm by running: which pnpm. If you're on Windows, run this command in Git Bash. You'll get the location of the pnpm command, for instance:

$ which pnpm
/c/Program Files/nodejs/pnpm

Now that you know where the pnpm CLI is, open that directory and remove any pnpm-related files (pnpm.cmd, pnpx.cmd, pnpm, etc). Once done, install pnpm again and it should work as expected.

使用更短的别名

pnpm might be hard to type, so you may use a shorter alias like pn instead.

在 POSIX 系统上添加永久别名

Just put the following line to your .bashrc, .zshrc, or config.fish:

alias pn=pnpm

在 Powershell (Windows) 中添加永久别名：

In a Powershell window with admin rights, execute:

notepad $profile.AllUsersAllHosts

In the profile.ps1 file that opens, put:

set-alias -name pn -value pnpm

Save the file and close the window. You may need to close any open Powershell window in order for the alias to take effect.

卸载 pnpm

If you need to remove the pnpm CLI from your system and any files it has written to your disk, see Uninstalling pnpm.